{"id":987508713,"date":"2024-08-28T16:29:58","date_gmt":"2024-08-28T16:29:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gregorydamy.niceavocats.fr\/?p=987508713"},"modified":"2024-09-02T13:23:04","modified_gmt":"2024-09-02T13:23:04","slug":"harassment-in-packs-one-message-is-enough","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gregorydamy.niceavocats.fr\/en\/harassment-in-packs-one-message-is-enough\/","title":{"rendered":"Harassment in packs: one message is enough"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Harassment in packs: one message is enough<\/h1>\n

Article 222-33-2-2 paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code makes it an offence to \u201charass a person by repeated comments or behaviour the purpose or effect of which is to degrade their living conditions, resulting in an impairment of their physical or mental health\u201d.
In a law passed on 3 August 2018, the legislator added a second paragraph to this article, which stipulates that the offence is also constituted \u201cwhen these comments or behaviours are imposed on the same victim by several persons, in a concerted manner or at the instigation of one of them, even though each of these persons has not acted repeatedly\u201d.
The legislator thus wished to punish acts of \u201charassment in packs\u201d.
This paragraph specifies that, for the offence to be constituted, the acts of harassment must be repeated, but require not be committed by a single perpetrator.
In a ruling dated 29 May 2024, the Court of Cassation stated:
\u201cHaving established that the accused took a personal part in repeated comments or behaviour imposed on the same victim with the object or effect of degrading the victim’s living conditions, emanating from several authors, with the knowledge that the act he was committing was part of a repetition, it was not required to identify, date and qualify all the messages emanating from other persons and directed against the civil party, or to verify that the plaintiff’s message had actually been read by the person targeted\u201d.
Cass. crim., 29-05-2024, n\u00b0 23-80.806, F-B, Cassation
In this case, the author had sent just one message, drowned in the flood of messages from the harassment pack, a message that the victim may not even have read.
He felt that sending this single message did not constitute an offence.
The Court of Cassation found that the perpetrator had \u201cknowingly taken part in a pack movement, and that his actions had the object or effect, by causing the victim to lose her schooling, become isolated and require police protection, of causing a deterioration in her living conditions resulting in damage to her physical or mental health, as certified by a medical certificate\u201d.
The Court concluded that the condemnation was justified: regardless of the number of messages sent, any participation, however small, in harassment by a pack is punishable by law.
Ma\u00eetre Gr\u00e9gory DAMY has over 19 years’ experience and was a member of the criminal defence group for several years. He will fervently defend the interests of any victim. The law firm has become an expert in defending victims in both criminal and civil cases.<\/p>\n

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Harassment in packs: one message is enough<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"

L\u2019article 222-33-2-2 alin\u00e9a 1 du Code p\u00e9nal r\u00e9prime\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Le fait de harceler une personne par des propos ou comportements r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9s ayant pour objet ou pour effet une d\u00e9gradation de ses conditions de vie se traduisant par une alt\u00e9ration de sa sant\u00e9 physique ou mentale\u00a0\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>

Par une loi du 3 ao\u00fbt 2018, le l\u00e9gislateur a ajout\u00e9 un deuxi\u00e8me alin\u00e9a \u00e0 cet article, qui dispose notamment que l\u2019infraction est \u00e9galement constitu\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0Lorsque ces propos ou comportements sont impos\u00e9s \u00e0 une m\u00eame victime par plusieurs personnes, de mani\u00e8re concert\u00e9e ou \u00e0 l'instigation de l'une d'elles, alors m\u00eame que chacune de ces personnes n'a pas agi de fa\u00e7on r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9e<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>

Le l\u00e9gislateur a ainsi souhait\u00e9 r\u00e9primer les faits de \u00ab\u00a0harc\u00e8lement en meute<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>

Cet alin\u00e9a vient dans les faits pr\u00e9ciser que, pour que l\u2019infraction soit constitu\u00e9e, il est n\u00e9cessaire que les faits de harc\u00e8lement soient r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9s, mais il n\u2019est pas n\u00e9cessaire qu\u2019ils \u00e9manent d\u2019un unique auteur.<\/p>

Dans un arr\u00eat en date du 29 mai 2024 la Cour de cassation est venue pr\u00e9ciser\u00a0:<\/p>

\u00ab\u00a0En effet, ayant \u00e9tabli que le pr\u00e9venu a pris une part personnelle \u00e0 des propos ou comportements r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9s impos\u00e9s \u00e0 une m\u00eame victime ayant pour objet ou pour effet une d\u00e9gradation des conditions de vie de celle-ci, \u00e9manant de plusieurs auteurs, en ayant connaissance que l'acte qu'il commettait s'inscrivait dans une r\u00e9p\u00e9tition, elle n'\u00e9tait pas tenue d'identifier, dater et qualifier l'ensemble des messages \u00e9manant d'autres personnes et dirig\u00e9s contre la partie civile, ni de v\u00e9rifier que le message du demandeur avait \u00e9t\u00e9 effectivement lu par la personne vis\u00e9e.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>

Cass. crim., 29-05-2024, n\u00b0 23-80.806, F-B, Cassation<\/p>

Dans cette affaire, l\u2019auteur n\u2019avait envoy\u00e9 qu\u2019un seul message, noy\u00e9 dans le flot des messages du harc\u00e8lement en meute, message que la victime n\u2019avait peut-\u00eatre m\u00eame pas lu.<\/p>

Il estimait que l\u2019envoi de cet unique message n\u2019\u00e9tait pas nature \u00e0 constituer une infraction.<\/p>

La Cour de cassation estime que l\u2019auteur avait \u00ab\u00a0sciemment pris part \u00e0 un mouvement de meute, et que ses agissements ont eu pour objet ou pour effet, en entra\u00eenant la d\u00e9scolarisation de la victime, son isolement et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de mettre en place une protection polici\u00e8re, une d\u00e9gradation de ses conditions de vie se traduisant par une atteinte \u00e0 sa sant\u00e9 physique ou mentale, constat\u00e9e par certificat m\u00e9dica<\/em>l\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>

Elle en d\u00e9duit que sa condamnation est justifi\u00e9e\u00a0: peu importe le nombre de messages envoy\u00e9s, toute participation, m\u00eame minime, \u00e0 un harc\u00e8lement en meute tombe sous le coup de l\u2019incrimination.<\/p>

\"\"<\/p>

Ma\u00eetre Gr\u00e9gory DAMY qui a plus de 19 ans d\u2019exp\u00e9rience, a \u00e9t\u00e9 membre du groupe de d\u00e9fense p\u00e9nale pendant plusieurs ann\u00e9es. Il d\u00e9fendra avec ferveur les int\u00e9r\u00eats de toute victime. En effet, l'\u00e9tude d\u2019avocats est devenue experte dans la d\u00e9fense des victimes aussi bien en mati\u00e8re p\u00e9nale que civile.<\/p>","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-987508713","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nHarassment in packs: one message is enough - Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d'avocats Damy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Harassment in packs: one message is enough\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gregorydamy.niceavocats.fr\/en\/harassment-in-packs-one-message-is-enough\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Harassment in packs: one message is enough - Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d'avocats Damy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Harassment in packs: one message is enough\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/gregorydamy.niceavocats.fr\/en\/harassment-in-packs-one-message-is-enough\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d'avocats Damy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/niceavocats.fr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-08-28T16:29:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-09-02T13:23:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gregorydamy.niceavocats.fr\/en\/harassment-in-packs-one-message-is-enough\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gregorydamy.niceavocats.fr\/en\/harassment-in-packs-one-message-is-enough\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gregorydamy.niceavocats.fr\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/64c9f9acb07431f6b55f72278b4a5d57\"},\"headline\":\"Harassment in packs: one message is enough\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-08-28T16:29:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-02T13:23:04+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gregorydamy.niceavocats.fr\/en\/harassment-in-packs-one-message-is-enough\/\"},\"wordCount\":574,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gregorydamy.niceavocats.fr\/en\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gregorydamy.niceavocats.fr\/en\/harassment-in-packs-one-message-is-enough\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/gregorydamy.niceavocats.fr\/en\/harassment-in-packs-one-message-is-enough\/\",\"name\":\"Harassment in packs: one message is enough - 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